Installs the Windows Hyper V 8.1, the error occurs 0x800F0831 if anyone had a similar problem?

This error probably tells that .Net Framework 3.5 is not enabled on your computer.

Run the next command:

DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /FeatureName:NetFx3 /All /LimitAccess /Source:installationMediaDrive:\sources\sxs

Here is the step by step guide for enabling Hyper-V on Windows 8.1

http://blogs.technet.com/b/canitpro/archive/2014/03/11/step-by-step-enabling-hyper-v-for-use-on-windows-8-1.aspx

Hi JanuszZal

How do you install the Hyper-v? Control panel->Turn Windows features on or off?
Have try the suggestion as T. Kujala mentioned?

Please take a look at the following thread similar to this issue.
https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/45857f74-a8a3-4da1-88fd-412b00328440/0x800f0906-and-0x800f081f-errors-while-enabling-hyperv-feature?forum=w8itpronetworking
1.Right click the Windows  iso you have downloaded and mount it .
2.Get into the drive and copy the sxs folder to a different drive (For example Z:).
3.Run the following code(as an administrator ):
dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:microsoft-hyper-v-all /All /LimitAccess /Source:Z:\sxs

Best regards,
Fangzhou CHEN